2wl=h =nrike h=ntacpe =nremr3c =mm=ntr=m=nk3me
Ovgwnt evwn=h ebol =ntecjrammatik3 =nh3t=c

Candra_ tetchai =nnaremenkimi pejrovp t3rov xaire,.

Ge avcine =nsihah =nanca124 gintakovwrp nan =ntekb13lla . eak2ine evbwl ebol eron =n=n2wlh =nrike . gekac ekegwk ebol ehovo h=npsingi =nneikovi =n2age etrake ovai =nle718ic m=npecer3v =n19910e h=novgwk =novkotc. Hapra pacm=n=nsinhwtp etn3v h=mpr=mr3c epma =mpa=mhet kw nai ebol: kaiper e15coovn men etbepovgipho ephae =nh3tov. wp hap=c de pe nai e52i epet5t32 ero14 ei2=rpgicbo et=mtre ov3pe =n2o4t=c ehrai egwn.

=N2orp =ntepictol3 eiacpaze maritamo erok h=novepainov etbepaiai =ntew2 . malicta etepw2 =nngwwme =mpalaion (eite tejraf3 eite 24w eite bwhem hipoihma.) ((88( aritajap3 ari4 enei2age nai s=msom an eneh etovbok. m=ntepaovw =novt3r=4 2wpe nak e4ath3v. E2ge ov=ntakcov 3 hoeine ebol =nh3t=4 =mpeiahotote nanov4. e2wpe de =mmon gnov =mmon hanet2ovw2ov nim tarentaav . n=jnav ero4 ge kan ek2anovw eneebi higoov. ekeka5.

Anav ovn 5nov etepictol3 =nkecop t3 entaicaht=c =ntes=nt=c ge ev2som egi hoine =mmine epwse evmovlg =mpmeh =n=n2wlh =nrike =ntenacpe =mm=ntajjlia anon. Ete nai ne

=a. =n2wlh =nrike mavaatov. Ev2oop =nkovi =n2age katapencwnt. eite m=ntr=m=nk3me eite netg3v ebol h=nta=noveienein. ge. Avw,. E2wpe.Etei. Gekac. Ge. Eite... eite. erepevhwb =ntoov pei2e =nle7ic epca =mpfiri mavaat=4 hina evecovwh evkap e4rav3vt =nnahrennevkvrioc.

Sinhwtp. Etei erepai 2age. Akebai2ine ei pega4 =nIwb ge anehtwwr =r2m=nt =ntajma eroov avkwte e=nsamovl. (Kosack 214,19)

=b. Idiwma. eie. form3 hile7ic evgr3vt =mpevsingit=4. ge Hap=c pe. E22e. Gero=. Nai de 2av2wpe mavaatov . Eic h33te ov=nnateimine evs=nr3te egitov =nidiwma =nh3t=4 =novle7ic =mmate. eie5 nak =novcrah =mpetn3v. ge =Mper2ine ero4 m=nt=4kw (= gekac =nne4kw ) ptopoc ebol.

=j.Form3 =nra =namoni evtretle7ic 2wpe =nkovgb hapevkvrioc. hwcte 5nov me42s=msom an eahe mavaat4. Nai 2avta2egitov epma =n2wlh =nrike . etm=ntr=m=nk3me tentwn hamnai e=nRelative clauses using progressive forms =ntm=ntajjlia.

Anon de hapa7 haplwc enovw2 etcabeeiat=n ebol epsingi =nte=n2wlh =nrike =mmate enna5pho e=b hi.=j an =ncab3lla4 =mpcwpe. Tareneime epevtwwbe epma =nnhae =ntentagro peir3te epehote =mpka5povwte etacpe . =ntm3te =nnrwme ete2angit=4.

Sinhwtp. Aiovehcahne =nceei nai =mpatepr3 2a. Htoove =ntere42wpe apepraitwrion movh =nrwme =natgi3pe. aiovehcahne etrevpwr2 =mpbvma h=mpma =ntpe.


Marenc=r4e 5nov n=mpbolov ebol pova pova ,. Eina5 **ßßßß=n2wlh =nrike =n2orp. Avw 5nahersov peir3te gekac nett=ntwn enovr3v epe4meeve acovohov =nsonc. eie h=nk3me ne 3 m=ntoveienein.

=a. =n2wlh =nrike =ntetm=nt=rh3v .`that`,`so that`:hwcte. gekac (e4ecwt=m,/e4nacwt=m).Hina. Hotei. Ge. Hopwc.

sinhwtp: prwme de a4=rhote e4meeve ge =ntapkomic t=nnoov =ncw4 etbepe0noc enta4aa4. a4paht=4 a4ovw2t na4. (Kosack,Lehrbuch des Kopt.,1977, S.362 Z.15-18).

N=jei 2aron etbepenovgai... avw gekac evetavepekran ehrai egwn Pgoeic. (ib. S.299,11f)

=mpertreneire hinai ge=nnenmartvroc swnt erwt=n =ncepatacce =mmwt=n. (Bouriant,eloge Apa Victor 1ff).

Nihike =n5polic et=mmav 5nav =ntovxria hina evnawnh eroc 2an55 nav =mpi etcotp (Kosack,267/77)

kelaav ne=mpb=l =mmoc eav2wpe =nh3t=c =mphae. Hotei men jar t=nnav eroov h=nteyvx3 paiovon nim homolojei =mmo4. (ib.414,4)

Tai jar te 0e entapnovte merepkocmoc hwcte pe423re =novwt a4taa4 gekac ovon nim etpicteve ero4 =nne4he ebol. (Evj. kataI=w=a 3,16)

Eic h33te pevanantion 2oop h=mp2age =noveienein ge. m3pote. m3pwc.(etepgwl.: gekac... =nne42wpe) . Sinhwtp : alla =mperkaat emov 5nov... m3pote n=4gooc h=mpe4h3t ge ai2s=msom epai. Avw =mpepe4novte e2s=msom eboi0ia ero4. (Mina,Apa Epima,7,9ff.)

Hit=mpmov2tneicrah tennasw2=t ero4 ge psingi =nnai t3rov e4tont=n. ge e42oop evcmot =novwt ag=mpoonec. Ge ce2twwbe ova ene4er3v. Palin on de ov=nform3 =nra=namoni evg3vt epevma ete pai pe 2ant=4cwt=m.

Sinhwtp: < ov pe pekhike> 2ant=kgna =nnlampac; (Crum 573 a) Gal.1,4 45 h=mpremr3c =ntform3 ge e4ecwt=m evprochikwn =nteppemhet ge 2ante4cwt=m.

=nteihe ce5cak e.m=nte4cwt=m haro4 =mm3pote: =<mperwg=n ekei>m=nt=4=rxol3 erwt=n.

n=mke2wlh =nrike. Anav eCrum, 176b : m3pote m=nt=npwlk ebol.

Avw on cewto e=ncmot ge e+ cmot =nnovnira. M=n=nr3te =netbege =a hi.=b (tare4cwt=m. etre4cwt=m.) :eic h33te ait=nnoov nak etrekpaideve =mmo4 katapet=hnak. (Mina,12,10f.)


=b. =n2wlh =nle7ic =netbege e2av5 =mpnae ere laav 2wpe ebol haro4.`as`,`because`etc.

nai ne : Epei / epeid3. Etbepai. ((2avkaav n=movle7ic =nkovg=b =mmatee4aherat=4 ha03 =mpe4kvrioc). ge(eie =ntagr3vt. Etbege. Ebol ge. E`fma ge (B). 2avkaav ep2orp =ntle7ic epose). jar. (E2avkaa4 =mphae =nnei2age pmehc nav =mma =ntle7ic).

Sinhwtp: Epei =ntai an te te4pictic... (Kosack 135 exercise)

Epeid3 h=natmov ne ne4gwse 2av=ratmov ebol hitootov =nne4pahre. (Kosack 281,13f.)

Etbepai paihwb jar a4cq3tov (B). (Crum 61 b)
m=n2som =mmok =gro enet2=m2e =mpeX=c ... ge pnovte etonh 2oop =nh3t. (Kosack 249,19/20)

Oveht3vt=n =ncwi w nacn3v... =ntet=nnav epetna2wpe =mmoi ebol ge phajioc Merkovrioc peteire =nnai t3rov nai. (Orlandi, vita di Mercurio =l=j).

E2ge 0ikwn jar =mp=rro =mpikocmoc ev2anzwjrafei =mmoc =ncetahoc... e2ac2wpe =nna2te =mpolic t3r=c. ev2anova gi =nsonc... kai jar ovrwme pe p=rro e2a4mov... m=nlaav na25 ovb34. (Kosack,393,23ff)

=nnekgi =mpran=mpgoeic peknovte ehrai eg=npet2oveit =nnepgoeic jar t=bb=c =mpetnagi =mpe4ran eg=npet2oveit. (Ex.20).

=nnekovw2t nav ovde =nnek2=m2e nav . anok jar Pgoeic peknovte. ((ib.)

ke2age ge =mmon evsen=t4 h=n1. Kor.2,16 evprochikwn hatam=ntoveeienein ge epei h=nkema ep2age ge jar. =nto4 4na=rpeihwb =nto4 =nto4: =mmon ek2an2ibe epa2age eketako epei.

Kesinhwt=p: <gip23re n=mmak> =mmon =n5=mp2a =mmo4 an. (Crum 61 b)

Alla 2acwto e=n2wlh =ncwk =nsitm=ntr=m=nk3me ev5paimeeve ge etbe-. eg=n-. =ntoot=

+ran nim eite mevi =novon: =ntalvpei =ntootov epete22e etrara2e ebol etootov. ((Cr.428)


==j. =n2wlh =nrike =nwth. Palin on keav3t = =nteimine =2age ovcovw =nteneterepovhwb

pi2wn4 eite =n2age =novwt eite =nle7ic t3rov. Nai ne ni2wlh =nrike ge avw `and`.eie/g=n`or` avw nem kegem henidiwmata ev5 =mpmeeve ge `either&hellip;or`, `not only&hellip;but also` m=nnettentwn. Evrekle7ic 3 nevpw2=c. Maren5hw epovai povai ebol =nh3tov h=mppetn3v. enna=r2wp e.avw.

avw. Ha03 =novle7ic.

avw. 2arepe4singi k3h h=ntm3te =novle7ic eie h=mp=ecrh3tc epose . Hina e4erakt=4 h=novgwr m=npeto hipahov t3r=4 ag=mpe4pwwne haro4. avw hinai =nce2oop =nsineile7ic =mpecnav =mm=ntova=novwt.

Sinhwtp: avw hencm3 ev2oveit avw evb3t. (Kosack 231,8)

Petmeh h=mpcoovn =nnet2oop h=m=mp3ve avw hig=mpkah a4pwht =mmo4. (Kosack,236, 29ff)

=ntere4twov=n de ehtoove =nsi0abwr p=rro =nnhe0noc a4bwk ehrai ep3i avw a4ovwh etoot=4 e2ine 3 ehothet 3 e2ogne e4gw =mmoc m=np=rro Colomwn ge... (Kosack 226,13ff)

ovcmot =mpe4sinaherat4 ha03tle7ic ppetn3v. eiwr=m de h=novm=nt5ho ero4 =mpikap =nform3 et2oop e4tentwn ev2oeim =ntoveie e4=rh3t=c hamnai e4pw2c =mmo4 epovei e4pwh 2apiavr3g.

Sinhwtp: loipon =nterepnovte anixe= mmo4 . avw a4trene4h=mhal gieoov hit=mpe4ovehcahne. avw a4kw ehrai =novc=nte =mmartvroc... etreovon nim kwh etevm=ntgwwre. (Kosack 227,2ff)

avw pege=ic =niwna ge eneak=mkah =nh3t =ntok emate. avw Iwnac a4=rpbol =ntpoleic a4hmooc =mp=mto ebol =ntpoleic. avw a4tamio na4 =mpma et=mmav =novckvn3...avw P=g=c a4ovehcahne =novb=nt =neslos avw a45ovw eg=nIwna etre4=rhaibec egw4... avw a4ra2e =nsiIwnac h=novnos =nra2e eg=npb=nt =neslos. (Kosack 220,20ff)



2rw ev=novw2 =navw.

pai cenasent=4 epcop. malicta cahovn =ntejraf3 etovaab. Nevmovnjpeirike hit=mp2=m2e enever3v henovcpanion an. ete pai pe ova =nca ova ev=novw2 =n2wlh nim.

Sinhwtp: aisep3. aeibwk. aeimovte ena2beer gekaac ennabwk etpolic eta45 n3ei enan eroc ... an=rbol etootov ennil3ct3c ge =mpovsine =ntevh=bcw =ntoot=n.

An=rbol etootov =nniovwn2 ge =mpovs=mpmoov =ntoot=n etovobe =mmo4.

An=rbol =ntootov =nnimovei ge =mpovsine =ntepi0vmia =ntenia4=ntoot=n...

Ac2wpe nan =nsiovnos =nra2e eno =natroov2 h=noveir3n3 =ntepenX=c. (Kosack 273,28ff)

Kesinhwtp: aibwk ehovn h=novro =nwne./ Aiei ebol h=novro =mpenipe./ Aibwk ehovn =ncagwi./ Aiei ebol =ncarat./ Aisine =mpca24 =mpar0enoc. /Evhmooc hig=novpvj3 =mmoov./ Aiovw2 emere=N=IM t2=n=N=IM./ =n0oc de =mpecovw2 egitapi. /Aiktokt aiaherat. / Airime aia2ahom./ 2ante=nr=meioove =nnabal hwb=c =nsop =nrat. (Kropp,Zaubertexte I (1931),13,Z.2-14)

Gwr =mmo4 ekka `avw on`-`further`: `4cwovn ovoh on `4`emi (B) (Crum 20a)



avw e4rakt mavaat=4 m=nke2wlh =nrike.

Peima anovw engw =mmoc ge 2a4mercnav =nle7ic eie ehote. erepai tme t3r=c an pe. ebolh=mpe42som etre4ovwl=c ekeran . eite e4ovaat4 eite e4m=nke2wlh (avw m=n / avw hi) etovhe ero4 cpanion =mmate.

Sinhwtp. Tta7ic.avw nai ne nevran ... M=nncwc =ngwwme =myalmoc avw =mparroimia. ((Kosack 229,18-25)

tet=najiocvn3 =n=g=c =neiwt avw etovaab.

H=nm=ntre... avw m=novre4chai. 2al avw hi libanoc. (Crum20a)=mpe=j)

Rekran =n2wlh

Hapra de =mpentaitaverin4 h=mphae hovme evwto =nke2age ge m=n. phae =nsinhwtp marenpwh =mmo4 ge : Eita pekkl3ciact3c m=npgw =nngw. (Kosack ib.)

Kesinhwtp: avw on n=j2ine h=novcpovd3 etbe=nkepoleic m=n=mmonact3rion =mptw2 et=mmav avw n=jcvjkrotei =mmoov. (Kosack 223,7)

Nemegenpaic3ov on (B). (Crum 170b) pair35 de hw4 nempke5nov on. ((ib.) M=n.ovon =nta4 s=mpr3te etre4=rh3tc =novle7ic. Evcrah =mpai :Ev.kataMa00.kef.6.= b

Ekcoovn =mp2wlh ge hi; =mmon; Kata0e =mpetcine e4=rhwb emovlh =novav3t=nra=n .

Sinhwtp: ovde anok ovde 23re hiklironomoc. (ib.645a)

A4keleve =nsip=rro etrev=nlibanoc hicamit hineh =mme hikon5ton. (Kosack 265,13ff)

Alla ek22wov e2en2age eerpai; ovoi ekegwk=4 ebol at2age. Malicta evhe ero4 =nn2rw =ntoikonomia. Anav ehrai epentaitamok eg=mp2wlh ge avw.

Sinhwtb: plojoc =nneck3ve =ntatamiov hittolla =nbanipe . 4toov =nkrikoc . 2omt =nnemovre . 4toov =nklal . Pagige =id . he2t 4toov. (Hall, Texts,pl.90,21178)


2wl=h =nrike ev5kap monon cahovn =ngnoov.

=nteren=rpeinos =nc3v mpma et=mmav maren2=btepen5h3t eovkefalaion =mb=rre ge eie. (etov2chai apo =nr=m=noveienein ge 3).m=npe4procikon h=n2ine nim. g=n. ev5pmeeve h=ntm=ntajjlia hiovcop ge `or`.

Sinhwtp: 3 e4g3v =novwt: pegav na4 =nsine4ma03t3c ge tm=ntero ecn3v =na2 =nhoov; ecn3v an h=novsw2t ebol. evnagooc an ge =eic h33te mpica 3 eic h33te t3. alla tm=ntero =mpeiwt ecpor2 ebol higempkah. avw =rrwme nav an eroc.(Leipoldt,Ev.Thom.113)

3 h=novapari0m3cic: etbeovo4wh=m 3 =ratcwt=m 3 kr=mr=m 3 5tw 3 na2t =mme mnnett=ntwn enai.

Pe4gwl cek3n =mmo4 =nteisot: ea4wck 3 =mmon =nto4 =mpe4wck;(Crum ). pantote 2avgi 2age =ngwl nim katapinav etovgit=4. 3 =mmon. 3 =mpe. Me2ak hw*3 =mpwr hikoove. Ovai de =ncop aihe ev2age ge ene. E4tobepen2wlh anon. epma =n.eie.

Sinhwtp: atet=ngwnt ekapma =mptako eei ehovn eron ene=mpe; (Crum 178 a)

ovdiabacic epihogheg etn3v psintre4git4 m=npi2olh =nrike ge g=n (eie /3 g=n):

m3 ovaka0artoc te ``ie 2an keovai nen`enijma pe, (B);(ib.772a)



g=n: pet4ovwwte =mmo4 epetcine pe4singi cahovn =ngnoov mavaat4. loipon siro4 ephae. Sinhwtp: nai ne nek23ri 2an`mmon (B); (ib.)

=d. 2wlh =nrike evch3vt =mpevovwh=m

5nov eknamov2t n=mmai =nniidiwmata evtamio hitemp5cwte =nteovai 3 hoine =nh3tov. Evg3v t3rov ebolh=ntaoveienein . 2avaheratov kataovcx3ma =novwt. nai ne:

=a. eite..eite (m=ntoveienein ge ke..ke).`both.. and`.

Sinhwtp: a4kw =novchai ebol...e4c3h =nteihe .ge anok Diokl35anoc p=rro.5keleve gintehromania 2ar3c epelak. ge eite eparxoc. eite ctratilat3c. eite komec. eite epickopoc. eite precbvteroc. eite diakonoc. eite anajnwct3c. eite h=mhal. eite r=mhe. eite matoi. eite pajanwc. eve2=m2e t3rov =nnanovte. (Budge,Martyrdoms,1)

=b. ov monon... alla (avw) `not only&hellip;but also`.

Sinhwtp: apnovte 4i =ntoot=k =ntem=nt=rro. a45 =mmoc n=mpercoc m=nnm3doc. avw ovmonon =ntoot4 alla pe4kecwma =mpoveime ge =ntavkaav twn. (Lefort,Museon77 (1958),44)

=j. Eie...eie `either&hellip;or`,`wether&hellip;or`.

Sinhwtp: eie =nto4 4ei... eie n=4ovw2 ekto4; (Crum 75b), B cpanion: ie 2an =noveoov =novmartvroc an pe... covwh epe4topo eko =ngage... 3 erepekcwma gah=m h=novpornia 3 eko =mmajoc 3 =nre4kaovnov... alla cwt=m tatamwt=n epsin=r2a =mpmartvroc =mpeX=c. (Kosack 234,11ff)

=d. avw...ovte /ovte...ovte `neither&hellip;nor`

Sinhwtp: avw ev=rhote an h3tov =mp2age e5hwn =mmo4 etoott3vt=n ovte =nnet=n4i ebol =nh3t=4. (Kosack 230,30f.)

A4mectepkocmoc. neme4ce3rp de ovte me4ovemsinovwm e4h3m. ovde tb=tt ovde me42ov2ov =mmo4 h=novh=bcw =nhoite eneh. ovde me4ovwm m=npe4eiwt ovde

me42age nemma4. hi03 =nnos ero4. 3 n=4gw =nov2age =2lo4. ovde me4wr=k laav =nana2 ept3r4. (ib.267, 29ff.)



=e. 2wlh =nrike =nantilojia ev5 ehrai ehrac =ntle7ic =nkvrikoc.

ovket ne nei2age nai etepainei =mphelovw evhwb. Hwcte ppetn3v 2oop =novenantion =mpigoc =nha03. ge alla ,, mentoi(n=mkoove ), `but`; ei kai,,kaiper /ketoi ` although`.

Sinhwtp: ketoi em=ngwwme =mpe4gpo =mmate an pe alla pgwwme pe =nh=na23 =mmaein hi2p3re =nta4aav. (((Kosack S. 136 Übung letzte Z.)

T=nna4iroov2 jar hwwn =n=ntopoc et=mmav... tewc mentoi tparovcia =ntekevlabeia avw proov2 et=knaaa4 mm33ne 2aroov nawfelei =n=mprajmata emate. (Kosack 323,11ff.)

=mp=r=nkot=ke=rpeihwb ge n=4covtwn an kaiper =mpat=4=rnav. (Kosack 304,1)

=a. antilojia ev=rp2or=p =ntle7ic.

mprocikon hap2age ge alla- nai ene2wov emate. Avw evtwm=nt eroov h=mma nim =ntetle7ic gin=n2orp 2apeck3n. alla caherat=c ha03 =ncop nim. eite =novle7ic =ecgor=m eite h=nteckehoveite mavaat=c nteov2rw =mfiri =mb=rre. eite ha03 =novra =namoni eite ke2age.

Ge : ov monon nai alla eveire on =mpehroov =nnhalate e2avmahhengwwme nav n=mm3t=n=n2age =patron ge =t=i=j=7 =t=i=j=7 =k=o=v=a=7 =k=o=v=a=7 evgw =mmoc ge eneire =mpehroov =nnhalate. (Amelineau, Oeuvres Shenoudi I(1909),386)

Avw pei2age a4goo4 ge 4n3v eg=nentol3 nim gekac =nnepr3 hwtp eg=mpnovs=c an mmate alla ehrai eg=nnobe nim enaav. (Lefort, Vita Antonii (1910, 86)

Ovoh nwten hwten tetenovab alla t3rov an (B) (Joh.13,10)

Alla nem- pai pe `but also`:ai2temiaratk `mmontektoi nem3i. Pege Cimon Petroc na4 ge Pa=s=c ov monon nasalavg alla nemnakegig nemtaafe. (B) (Joh.13,8)

Alla =mpre4=reine =novtamo: ... pegepikeovai na4 ge akgw eroi `m`foov `novni25 `nnoima . Alla aritajap3 . gw `eroi `mpe4kebol. (Joh.13,16)

Comc: Ov=n2som egi =mpi*2wlh =nr3te ge ke- epma =n.alla. kata0e men =ntannav ero4.


==b. =mpmehcnav =ma h=ntta7ic:

Cnav se =mproc03k3 etovnakaav epmehcnav =mma hrai h=ntta7ic. Ce=rhwb an ecekantinon ==mpre4eire =ehote mptagro4 =nto4. egooc ge de. se/ovn. Erenihae gont hwov =mprocikon. Avw ei ke aimate e5hah =ncrah hapevsingi. Mariovahhoine egwov =mmovh ehovn. Ete ovai =novwt eovai ebol =nh3tov.

Sinhwtp: avcwt=m de etecm3 ecgw =mmoc ge Alv7an m=n Menantroc m=nCelfarioc... hw erwt=n 2apima. (Lemm,Alexanderroman (1904), Frgmt.7, Z.21ff.)

gekac de eiacfalize =mmwt=n epehovo 5naovehpike2age =nanajkaion eg=nnetaigoov. (Kosack 230, 17ff.)

Eie cechi ge men... de:

se: tenov se w necn3v kan m=n2som e=rmartvroc etbetm=ntswb alla maren5eoov =nneipetovaab... =nt=nob2=n hwwn enen2b3rmeloc et=nh3ke ne. (Kosack 234,1ff)

Ovn : aitei ovn e4aherat4 =nsipmajictrianoc =ntep=rro m=n=nmatoi ne4gi =nhra4 pe n=mmav etbe=neg3v etmoone ehovn. (Kosack 422,1)

Comc ero4 : ke2wlh =nrike e4o =mprocikwn. pai pe wp, apac wpw. Aitwm=nt ero4 h=mphiwovi =ntenap3i =ntePigwl Baccili parxierevc. Malicta te4chime ag=ngem=4 de 2ahrai etenov ehovn =mova=nnan2age eite evropaioc eite araboc.


=j. Antilojia evh=mphae =ntle7ic :

=ntanpwh taicovcov 2anete2avgitov eptaloc =ntetle7ic. Ge =nto4. (pantote ch3vt hinai =ncab=lla4 =nhencop =ncpanion etovnav e.=ntoc. M=n.=ntoov apopgpo =mp2age =nre4eire 3 hoovt 3 chime). Avw on henproc03ki =nrw2e epe4tagro. Ge: rw /rw=hi.hw/hw=.

Sinhwtp: ... alla ekepicteve de =nto4 ehovo (Crum 232b)

Alla e2wpe =nto4 ei2anmov anine =n0eodwcioc. (Kosack 395,19)

Etbeov =ntoc tek2eere... <=mpekeire =ntoot=c>;

2are=ntasce... =nover3te de =ntoov =mpa=g=c. (nai =mpecnav- Crum 232 b)

ovet ro fai ovet ro n3ete`mmav (B)

<an ov=n rwoovne h=mpma et=mmav; > =mpeima rw m=n ovon . (pecnav,. Crum290 b)


6. 2olh =mpnav. Avsw =nsinai etrenhiovi2 etb33tov. Ete nai ne. 2age e2avcols=b =nle7ic eterepovoei2 etovolm=4 ovoote enecer3v. hinai =j =mpwwne petencomc ebol eroov. ge katatakvrikoc. Ov=n2som ele7ic nim gooc =mpetha03 .3 peth=mpei2=cne. avw 3 petnagwk ebol m=nnca. Hrai de h=mpai. Evo =nprochikwn =nteovform3 =nra=namoni pova pova. Hina p2orp e4e5pmeeve =n. =mpat=4cwt=m. avw m=n.2ant=4cwt=m. pettaverin4 =mpmehcnav ge e4cwt=m, ,. Ephae se tentwn ehote epet=4aa4 =nsipecmot ge .=ntere4cwt=m. marenhwn etootov =npor=g nim =ntepeiav3t pai ova =ncaova.

2wlh =nrike evtretle7ic 2wpe =mprochikwn =nte.=2ant=4cwt=m. =mpat=4cwt=m.

hamnai t=nnatwm=nt eov2age mavaat=4 =novwt =noveienein e45h3v nan =n2wlh =nrike ete.tewc. &rsquo;until&rsquo;.

Sinhwt=p: t=nna4iroov2 jar hwwn =n=ntopoc et=mmav... tewc mentoi tparovcia =ntekevklabeia... nawfelei =n=mprajmata emate. (Kosack323,11 ff.)

Loipon 2av5peimeeve =nh3t=4 =ntform3 =nra=namoni : m=nncanai pega4 =mprwme ge sepi =mmok . hvperetei nai tewc =mpa52age n=mmak .

Avw =mpatepr3 hwt=p =nrovhe =mpcabbaton avnos =nhroov 2wpe h=mpma et=mmav hwc ge ovsinhwc te =n0e =mptricajion.

Epma =nteimine =nkwt 2ansennetebolh=nov2wl=h m=novran apo0e =nnetn3v:

hag=n . Pe=x=c e42oop hagw4 =mpt3r=4. ((Crum 587,1)

hi.

Ha03. avw ha03 =mpovoei2 =/mpnav.

M=nkesot egooc hit=mpgi =nt2arform3 ge 2r=p +ran. 3 ra =nre4=rpbol ev=r0e =h=novgwk =nra=namoni: n=42r=pcoovn =mpainijma. (v.Westendorf KHW ,326,att. Crum586 b)


2wl=h =nrike etrevtle7ic 2wpe =mprochikwn =nte pc3v et2oop =nkovg=b( ( ete: e4cwt=m) .

tmehcnav =nkefalaion 4k3 ht34 e=nle7ic erepevnav tont=n hwcte =mm=novwwte =mmav cahovn =nh3tov. Evta2egi pe4raov3ovt =nform3 =ntepc3v et2oop. ge e4cwt=m. hap=c pe etren2ine =ncanarike evrw2e on h=plac 0noveienein. Nai ne : (=n)hocon,,. hotan. eti `when`, ìn time of`.

sinhwt=p: mper=rhote. =nhocon akhomolojei =mpeknobe anok hw =n5nahopt erok an. ... eti e4moo2e hitehi3 eic phajioc ctefanoc a4ei egw4 e4tal3v evhto e4o =mpecmot =novmatoi. (Kosack 347 letzte Z.)

=nhocon de ovn =nterep=rro =mton =mmo4 a4swnt emate. (ib. 137, exercise)

kesinhwt=p : hotan de on =ntere4ovw e4gw =nnai. Avw avkatacvjkl3toc ebol a4movte epkecnav =nnos =nctratvjoc enov4 ne. eteCerjioc pe m=nAnactacioc ehennos emate ne avw evtai3ov etoot=4 epehovo. A4ovw2=b =nsip=rro nav .ge e2wpe ei2anmov pantwc =nnnos etpolic nactexe an =ntw2 =n0eodocioc p=rro katap2age. Ec2an2wpe =ntet=npwh ehwk =mpectratwnov biov =mp=rka laav =nrwme etrevhmooc hig=mpa0ronoc m=nnca ebol eim35 0eodocioc. (ib. 395,26-32)

ov=n5cak =ntacpe hw egit=4 =mp2age ge . eic h=mpeimeeve. Petovnahwn ehovn ero4 h=nocpanion. Sinhwt=p: ... eic pekcon on=h (Crum 85 b,2).

Maren5ovcrah hapsingi =mpra=namoni: ac2wpe de h=mpnav =mpovoein... apemnovt cwt=m etecm3 =mp23re kovi e4rime e4gw =mmoc ge ovoi nai... (Kosack 245,14f.)


2wl=h =nrike evtretle7ic 2wpe =mprochikwn =ntetform3 ge =ntere4cwt=m.

tenov se eneketpenho eratov e=n2wlh =nrike evo =mp=mto ebol =nteovle7ic ecfiri =novhwb =mpnav =mpe4ta2eoi2 e4k3n. e2avhe evcmot =nra=namoni h=mpeima rw4 on. avw kan ev2anmov2t =nce=ntev3pe eg=mphae. cenaeiwr=m ag=ncanic ge katapr3te =n2orp ge cewto =mpc3v =nra.ete =ntere4cwt=m.

ketoi men evo =n2ovmenritov an emate. 42oop =nsiov2olh =nrike . avw m=n2avgit=4 eite ovaat=4 eite =novpetmovnjra=namoni. ge gin. ginta4cwt=m.

sinhwt=p: ...gin e4h=mpkocmoc. (Crum ,)

aikapet=nhovn =nhovn. Aikapet=nbal =nbol. Avw takechime. eic ca24e =nrompe gintaikaac =ncwi. (Mina, Apa Epima 7,1-3).

eic ovcpanion pe petn3v. eic =ntamiepaihwb: a4mov eic hah =nrompe. (Crum 85,2)

Etbepe4s=mpr3te etrevgit=4 =mphae on n=mh=nra=namoni. =ncecoovn =mmo4 an.


=z. 2wl=h =mpnav evbwl ebol =nhenle7ic =nhvpo0ecic.

Ov=nkeav3t =n2age e4matov ecovnov e=nle7ic etovnatwm=nt eroc ge hencovwh ne =nhvpo03cic. Pe2avovahme4 ge pev2or=p ecgooc =mpsintrev2wpe =novhwb. Eretecpa2e =mmehcnav ovonhpetna2wpe ebol hitoot=4. pai ceaa4 hit=mpgi =n4form3 etn3v. ge:

Sinhwt=p: avw hareh erwt=n er2annerwme gnet3vt=n ge etetnab3k etwn; 3 ge ov pe pai; =mp=rgooc ge ovmartvroc pe. Emmon cena4i =mpacwma =ntatt3vt=n ... (Mina, 33,12ff.)

On de ten=rpmeeve =nnen2wl=h =nrike. ge tai tennahe enetn3v: kan,. e2ge. e2wpe.

Kan: pei2age ne4=rhwb =mprike 4g3v ebolh=ntacpe =noveienein. 2a4os=tthvpo0acic m=npetov3h egw4. e4aherat=4 eite ha03 =novra=namoni eite ovaat=4 atra=namoni.

Sinhwt=p: etet=ncoovn ge =n2anmov m=n4ilaav n=mman eptafoc. alla kan evpetnanov4 penta4aa4... 2anhe eroov t3rov evhi03 =mmon kata0e etc3h h=nnejraf3. (Kosack 286,1)

Pega4<=nsipe2b3r > ge: kan n=jova2=t an =n0e =nova h=nnkoove anok aiei n=mmak. ((ib. 365,2)

Malicta de cenagitov m=ntform3 =n. e42ancwt=m.

E2ge / e2wpe: =nto4 on ovprochikwn katape4singi. avw on pma hrai h=ntta7ic .

Sinhwt=p: E2wpe ov=novmeloc 2wne eie 2are=mmeloc t3rov 2wne n=mma4. (ib.136 ex.)

E2ge a4tre=ndaimonion ererjacia av2etwne epkwt =mp3i =mpgoeic eie an=jnim anok ge ei=rpolemoc n=mma4, ; (ib.226,9ff.)

Pe4gwl ceeire =mmo4 peicmot: e2wpe de =mmon 5nahotbov.

Eie hapa7: =mmon evna=rov; (ib.136 ex.=mpecnav)

Kesinhwt=p: <<aitc=bkepovoei2> =mmon =nnelaav ebol h=nnenyvx3 e2ovgai pe (Crum 186 a)

Comc ero4: e2ge. 2avs=nt=4 =n0e ge: e2ge kan, /kan e2ge, . avw on h=mppemhet. cesine =n.ar3ov`if, maybe`epe4ma. Palin pecx3ma tamo ha03 =mppa2e =nhae n=ke2wlh(tote)

Sinhwt=p:

Comc =b ero4: ov=nkewage ev5 =mpmeeve ge &lsquo;if not&rsquo;. evnasentovh=mppemhet =mmate. ete nai ne anne- /ann= hi.ac0em. Evg3v =mpgwwme =n.pap. Bodmer III.

Ovprochikwn =mpaoveienein ge tote pe p2age =mpemhet ge ic0enei.

Sinhwt=p: eb3l jar de anwc=k neic0enei annakoten pe =ncop cnav (Gen.43,10, in Till, Kopt. Dialektgramm. §490)


8=3. 2wlh =nrike evenjrateve =mmoov e=nhvpo03cic etatg3k ebol.

Hapra ge =na2 0nhe tennagevhvpo03cic et=ncoovn etb33t=c ge =nnecgwk ebol eneh. Kata0e =mhae =nkefalaion. Ten2cwt=p =nova ebolh=nnr3te evn3v. ge le7ic evmovh =novform3 =nra=namoni 3 on net=rhwb =novw2 =mmoov h=novt3r=4. avw etbepai marehencrah tcabeeiat=n ebol:

Sinhwt=p: enekh=mpeima. nerepacon namov an pe. (Joh. 11,21)

Ene=ntet=nh=nebolh=mpkocmoc . nerepkocmoc namerepetepw4 pe. (ib.15,19)

Ene=mpeiei ta2age n=mmav. Nemm=nnobe eroov pe. Tenov de =mm=ntovloeise =mmav etbepevnobe. (ib.15, 20)

Ov=nhah =mma=n2wpe h=mp3i =mpaeiwt. Ene=mmon neinagooc n3t=n pe. Ge 5nabwk ec=bte=novma n3t=n. (Joh. 14,2)

5phrak enihae =mpecnav eteovgwl ne.

Alla ke2wl=h =nrike netovgitov. Nai ne e2ge&lsquo; if &rsquo;(prochikwn: e2gpe. hwc.hwcper.) em=mnsom eform3 nim eovahov =ncoov =nb3lla=4 =nnetepainov =ntle7ic h=novm=ntova=novwt ge : e4cwt=m. hi.=nta4cwt=m .

Sinhwt=p: e2ge pl3n t=neire an mpai pnovte petcoovn ge pe=rpmeeve lo an h=mpenh3t =ntev23 avw pehoov. (Kosack 319,18)

A4nav evhoroma e2ge ereApa Papnovte aherat=4. (ib. S. 137, ex.)

<A4talso `ngepimartvroc>hwc icgek (=e2ge) `mpe42ep`hli `nqici (B) (Crum 63 b below)

Comc ero4: =nteihe on 2avwto : =n0e e2ge. =n0e ge.

Eie ce2tamie =nle7ic nateimine =ntoot=4 =nke2wl=h ge =ncab3l ge. &lsquo; if not &lsquo; e4ovoote e=nnettaverintov monon ep2som etrevgi laav =nform3 evovahov =ncw4.

Sinhwt=p: =ncab3l ge aisine =mPetroc... =mmav a4amahte =ntasig a45toot =mmon ege aiktetoot ebol aimov etbetnos =neoov =ntainav ero4. (Kosack 271,11)

5coov=n Pgoeic ge =ncab3l ge =nta4ei ebol hitoot=k ene4naeire an =mpei2p3re avw =ncab3l ge pekmerit =n23re pe n=4natwov=n an pe h=nnetmoovt. (Kosack 301,22)

Eie. cegooc hit=nov2age =ngi2kak ebol ge : amoi aisi `mpe4ke`cmot pe. (Crum 675 b)

/taloc. t3ov `npire `ndw /


Problems: No examples found for the following:

=n0e esge/ =n0e ge/ hwcper `as if`. kan e2ge. e2ge kan.`when, as soon as`. Hopwc/ M3pwc. `that not`.e`fma `n. `in place of`.

I used the following expressions for grammatical terms:

  • Pi. Novnira -infinitive
  • Pi.ra =namoni- verb, verbal form
  • Pi.ran- nomen, substantive
  • 5.le7ic.- sentence, according to usage in Bassili family (told by daughter Vert)
  • 5.le7ic =ne0bege. =nm=nt5h3v. =nwt=h- causal/final/consecutive sentence (I hope the given terms are the correct ones!)
  • 5. Le7ic =nkovg=b- relative sentence in contrast to...=nkvriakoc /kvrioc`main sentence
  • pi. 2wlh =ncwk.- prepositions.
  • Pi.2wlh =nrike.- conjunction.
  • Pi.2wlh =mrekran.- conjunctions joining substantives only.
  • Pi.mevi =novon.- suffix.
  • t. 2arform3.- shortened form
  • Pi. Re4`iri.- subject.
  • pi.gwl. - negation.

  • Those marked by and asterisk have been taken over from a book entirely written in Coptic , and giving examples, to grammatical analysis; unfortunately I could not find out the name of the author; surely he was egyptian, for translations are made in Arabic. This document, itself in copies only, was showed to me by Adel Kamel, Berlin.- The others are my own makeshifts, for want of a better solution.

    Several others I have taken over from the Greek, though i do not know if they were ever used in such contexts.

    These are:

  • Proc03k3- addition, here: particle
  • Enantion- contrary, here. antonym
  • Prochikwn-synonym.

  • Another, taken over from the English, is idiwma with the same meaning.

    Generally, I tried to make use of terms as rarely as possible, and as the function of this essay I regard to explaining which constructions could in the Egyptian be used for the purpose, where the English (or German) prefers conjunctions, therefore i classified some Greek adverbs under this head, though it is grammatically wrong.

    For critics aiming at improving this first trial- which of course cannot be perfect- I would like to express my heartfelt thanks.

    Regards, S. Hoyer