Lesson 8 =3    The Holy Bible
Pigwm e0ovab
divided into two parts
The Holy Book (Bible) 
%dia03k3 `n`apac The Old Testament 
nem and 
5dia03k3 `mberi The New Testament 
%dia03k3 `n`apac
contains:
Nigwm `nte Mwic3c The Book of Moses 
Nigwm `nhictor3k3 The Historical Books
Ni`prof3t3c The Prophets
|___nini25
|___Major 
|___nikovgi
|___Minor
Niyalmoc The Psalms 
Pigw `nte nigw The Song of songs
Niparamoia The Proverbs
%dia03k3 `mberi
contains:
Pievajjelion kata The Gospel according to: 
Mat0eon Matthew
Markon Mark
Lovkan Luke 
Iwann3n John
Nipra7ic Praxis (Acts)
Niepictol3 The Epistles
Pavloc `proc (of) Paul to ....
PKa0ovl3k3 `nte Catholic (epistles) of .... 
%apokalvyic Revelation (Apocalypse)

We can learn from the previous simple discription of the Bible that there are 3 types of articles used in the Coptic Language:
pi     `p    `f       for masculine singular
5     `t    `0        feminine singular
ni    nen             plural

There is no major difference between the use of any of the above articles other than that `fand `0can only be used if the word begins with one of the following letters:
    b    i    l    m    n    ov    r

Examples:
`fbwk
The Servant
`0baki
The City
`fiwt
The Father
`0mav
The Mother 
`fran
The Name
`0negi
The Womb 
i.e. you can use pirwmi instead of `frwmi (The Man)
piran `fran (The Name)

+ The exceptions are that (The Father) is always `fiwtbecause piiwtmeans barley and also`piwt is an excpetion to differentiate between barley and father. There are some other rare exceptions and are all for differentiation between words.
 

`|Povro(The King) is never written as `fovro
because when the word starts with ov we look to the letter next to them if it is a vowel we go on using `f if not we use`p hence,piovwini can be written as`fovwini


Exercise:

See if you can fill in the missing article appropriately.  Keep in
mind ease of pronunciation and the rule of `Q and `8.
 
-mwit `nte -ovagi The way of (the) Salvation
-nah5 `mm3i `nte n3e0ovab The true faith of the saints
-ovtah `nte -hwb The fruit of the Work
-nohem `nte -yvx3 The salvation of the souls
-gom `nte `Fnov5 The Power of God
-ovro `nte -hir3n3 The King of Peace

Answers

See if you can fill in the missing article appropriately.
 
pimwit `nte `povagi The way of (the) Salvation
`fnah5 `mm3i `nte n3e0ovab The true faith of the saints
`povtah `nte pihwb The fruit of the Work
`fnohem `nte -yvx3 The salvation of the souls
`tgom `nte `Fnov5 The Power of God
`Povro `nte 5hir3n3 The King of Peace